Anjoro: International Journal of Agriculture and Business

Development of probiotic fermented smoothie made from "Loka Pere" endemic banana of West Sulawesi

2025-10-18T17:53:06+08:00

Functional food products play a crucial role in maintaining human health. One such functional food product that benefits digestive health is probiotic products. Banana "Loka Pere" can be the primary raw material for probiotic products. The monosaccharide and fiber content in the banana "Loka Pere" can serve as substrates for probiotic bacteria. A probiotic fermented smoothie made from banana "Loka Pere" is one such example of a probiotic product. Smoothies were chosen for their superior fiber composition, which remains intact due to the absence of fruit fiber filtration. This study examines and analyzes the growth ability of probiotics through the fermentation process in smoothies made from "Loka Pere" bananas, focusing on the parameters of pH, total acid, and the number of probiotic bacteria. The variables used included variations in probiotic powder (Lacto B and L-Bio) and variations in fermentation time (0 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours) with three replications. The analysis results showed significant differences in pH, total acid, and probiotic count. The results showed that the use of L-Bio probiotic powder and 48 hours of fermentation time provided the best results, with a pH value of 3.81, a total acid content of 0.69%, and several probiotic bacteria at a log of 7.65 CFU.mL^–1.

Critical limit of shade stress in lemongrass plant (Cymbopogon nardus L.)

2025-10-18T17:34:56+08:00

Lemongrass (Cymbopogon nardus L.) is well-known for its ability to thrive in sunlight. However, the capacity to tolerate shade when cultivated as an intercrop is unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the tolerance limit of shade to the growth and production of lemongrass oil. A completely randomized design was used, with the treatment design varying by level of shade: control (without shade), 25%, 50%, and 75% shade. The parameters observed were light intensity, plant height, number of tillers, fresh weight of herbs, leaf thickness, leaf chlorophyll, and essential oil content. The results showed that 75% shade reduced light intensity by 75.38%, the number of tillers by 50.86%, fresh weight by 22.39%, leaf thickness by 31.91%, leaf chlorophyll by 54.96%, and essential oil content by 48%. The relationship pattern between shade and fresh weight of herbs was Y = -0.00733X² + 0.3633X + 340.44, with a correlation of 0.70 and a determinant of 83.70%. Meanwhile, the relationship pattern between shade and leaf chlorophyll content was Y = -0,00029X² +0.0093 + 47.26, with a correlation of 0.9681 and a determinant of 98.3%. In conclusion, lemongrass planted as an intercrop can tolerate 25% shade, as evidenced by its growth indicators and essential oil production.

Response of tomato growth and number of mycorrhizal spores applied with biochar on saline soil

2025-10-18T22:06:42+08:00

High evaporation in coastal areas leads to salt accumulation in the soil, elevating soil salinity. Tomato plants (Lycopersicum esculentum L.) are one of the ideal plants for evaluating saline soil amelioration strategies. Inadequate saline soil treatment is an obstacle for farmers in developing their agricultural practices. Therefore, saline soil remediation using biochar was conducted to reduce soil salinity levels. The study was conducted using a non- factorial randomized block design (RBD) with 4 replications and 4 treatments, namely B0 (control), B1 (50 grams of biochar), B2 (100 grams of biochar), and B3 (150 grams of biochar) with observation parameters of plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, and number of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AMF) spores. The results of this study showed that biochar had no significant effect on plant growth and the number of spores in tomato roots. Therefore, based on the study's results, the use of biochar in tomato growing media did not significantly affect plant growth parameters or the number of AMF spores in the growing media. Various factors, including environmental conditions and interactions between the growing media and host plants, may influence this. Recommended that further research be conducted on the process of producing biochar using anaerobic pyrolysis or closed pyrolysis methods. This is important because anaerobic combustion can produce more stable biochar.