THE ANALYSIS OF SENTENCE CONSTRUCTION AND MEANING INTERPRETATION OF ENGLISH BREAK VERBS AND THEIR VERBS EQUIVALENCE IN BUGINESE LANGUAGE The Analysis of Sentence Construction and Meaning Interpretation of English Break and Their in Buginese Language The Analysis of Sentence Construction and Meaning Interpretation of English Break and Their Equivalence in Language The Analysis of Sentence Construction and Meaning Interpretation of English Break and Their Equivalence in Buginese Language The Analysis of Sentence Construction and Meaning Interpretation of English Break Verbs and Their Verbs Equivalence in Buginese Language The Analysis of Sentence Construction and Meaning Interpretation of English Break and Their Equivalence in Buginese Language

: The purpose of this research is to compare the sentence form and meaning interpretation of ‘Break’ Verbs in English and Buginese. The sentence construction and the meaning interpretation of verbs confined to Break Verb from English and Buginese language were compared with regards to Dixon’s Affect Verbs Construction and Halliday’s Functional Grammar Construction. The data of this research were collected from two sources. The English data were collected from British National Corpus (BNC) while the Buginese Data was collected from field observation and interview on Soppeng Buginese speaking community. The data were collected and analyzed using Descriptive Qualitative Methods. According to the findings of this study, it was found eighteen Break Verbs in the English language and nineteen in the Buginese language; 2) The ‘Break’ Verbs in both languages are realized into sentences through a number of selections of constructions set up in the two theories that were examined in this research and some additional constructions where each construction plays some contribution to the meaning interpretation; 3) The Break Verbs found in both languages have some similarities and differences regarding their sentence construction and meaning interpretation.


INTRODUCTION
Language is a set of sign governed by some sets of rules. The use of English is used for the acceleration model of English as a second language for the foreign learners (Aswad, et al., 2020). Phonetics and phonology exist at the level of letters and sounds, morphology exists at the level of words and their forms, and syntax exists at the level larger than a word. Syntax is the study of the rules that control how words are combined to form a sentence. "Syntax is agnostic about 'correct ' and 'incorrect' English," Miller says (2002). It is a part of grammar together with morphology. Grammar is the study of the rules of well-formed sentences in particular language.
When people express their ideas, proper grammar will help them avoid misunderstandings Weda, et al., Herlina Anwar, Hamzah A. Machmoed, Sukmawaty The Analysis of Sentence Construction and Meaning Interpretation of English Break Verbs and Their Verbs Equivalence in Buginese Language DOI: https://doi.org/10. 31605/eduvelop.v5i2.1346 (2021). The term 'well-formed' here refers to what is called as 'grammatically correct' sentence.
In the traditional grammar, it is acceptable to consider e.g. the table plants a tree in the kitchen as a sentence for it fulfills all the 'grammatically correct' principle. However, some upcoming studies toward language began questioning this statement. Is it really acceptable to call a stretch of language as a sentence simply because they follow the grammatical rules?
Does it make sense even if it, by the native speakers of the language, is regarded as nonsensical sentence?
From these questions, some theories towards grammar appear. One of them is what has been introduced by Dixon (1991) 'Semantic Approach to Grammar'.
The study of meaning is known as semantics. It is the study of how linguistic codes are understood by language users. Kreidler (2002) stated that: "It is impossible to explore semantics without also dealing with syntax (and vice versa) because the two are closely interrelated: the meaning of a sentence is more than the meanings of the words it contains, and the meaning of a word often depends partly on the company it keepswhat other words occur in the same sentence." Semantic-Syntactic Theory refers to the study of grammar in the semantic point of view. Dixon, by this theory, explained how the meanings of some particular words varying the grammatical rules that can be employed in a sentence containing those words and how grammar can specify the meaning of a particular stretch of language.
Dixon pointed out the verbs as the center of a sentence and divided them into some divisions based on their semantic roles. One of those divisions is Affect Verb, the verb that has three basic semantic roles: the Agent, Manip, and Target. Its basic feature is the Agent brings the Manip to come into contact with the Target Dixon (2005). Affect Verb is divided into eight subtypes and one of them is the Break Subtype. The Break Subtypes is explained by Dixon as the group of words that at least employ two semantic roles. Those are the Agent and the Breaking role.
The theory is by no doubt is accepted as a potential method to examine grammar and semantic. However, the fact that meaning as a very cultural-base-term should not be put out of concern.
Meaning will mostly vary from culture to culture. As a result, one linguistic theory that has been proposed in a particular language may not be surprisingly unacceptable or at least 'not fully' acceptable in some other languages. Language is a device for interacting with others Idris et al., (2020). Moreover, language as the part of human life is evolved from time to time and may cause a disobedient to some previous rules or even the alteration of a new theory. Hence, it is normal for the linguists to continuously examine every linguistics theory to analyze its relevance to the utilization of language in the present day.

Procedure
The data of this research were collected from Online Corpus Linguistics and Field Observation.
On the other hand, the data from Buginese language were gathered from field observation and interview in Buginese community especially the one that is spoken in Soppeng district.

Participants
The data from English language were gathered from British National Corpus (BNC) to provide the examples of everyday use of the English Break Verbs. To make the two data balance, the researcher took only the spoken data from both English and Buginese language.

Data Analysis
The gathered data were analyzed using Miles, Huberman, and Saldana's (2014) model in qualitative data analysis, which consisted of three steps: data condensation, data display, and conclusion and verification. The first is data condensation to select, simplify, and transform the data. In this step, the researcher converted and reduced raw data by selecting and sorting the collected data from the Online Corpus Linguistics and Field Observation.
The second data analysis step is data display, aiming to make the data arranged into available and attainable form. The data which have been reduced and sorted were displayed in this step. The last step is conclusion and verification. In this step, the findings of the study were drawn from the accumulated and formulated data. are found in intransitive construction.

Break Verbs found in English and
In the data, it can be seen that in construction  if rephrasing the sentence, "you will damage your finger by using our soil" and "they will burst their ear drums by listening to that" are closer in meaning to the previous sentence rather than "you will damage your finger with our soil" and "they will damage their ear drums with that (music)".
By analyzing the characteristics of the participants and the meaning interpretation of these data, it can be identified that the extract of those sentences "you'll damage your finger" and "they'll burst their bloody ear drums" have a common characteristic. That is, the agent did something that will affect their own body part. Adding a Manip to the sentence will draw the assumption that the agent do the activity in active manner which will sounds like the agents with a sole intention wanted to direct damage towards their own body part. One  but it is not being mentioned in the sentence.
Intransitive construction in the data of this research is presented in: Table "their walkie talkies break down"; "it crushes very easily"; "that bloody floor didn't collapse", "the wall collapse on top of her", "he just collapsed and died at my feet"; "if you pull it off it'll tear"; "the car split in two", "It just split down like a banana"; "they're chip"; "it would crack", "the skin cracks open"; "it would burst out", "the big plastic bottle will burst open", "a car tyre burst", "it burst into a ball of flame", "pipe had burst"; "the glass will explode from internal pressure", "this my explode into a thousand fragments", " the petrol explode", "the fucking cow exploded", "the vehicle exploded into a ball of flame", "the computer just explodes"; "the car blow up on a dual carriage way", "the bus has been blow up"; and "the sun will erupt". It is found in the analysis of the data by the researcher that there some data in this research that are not suffice to any of the construction I, II, and III. Those are: "to wear them break your little finger", "the little bit I shall crush", "I reckon that plastic bag squashed them all", and "someone's naughty's smashed a seat".
In "to wear them break you finger", the Subject slot is filled up by a clause rather than a noun phrase. In "the little bits I shall crush", the Target as breaking role is mentioned before the Agent + Break.
The sentence is still in the active construction but

Buginese Break Verbs
There are nineteen verbs found in Buginese language which by their characteristics is equivalence to the English Break Verbs listed in Dixon's Theory.
From the data, it can be seen that the Break Verbs in Buginese also fulfill the construction I (Agent-Break-Target) from Dixon Theory with Manip mostly unstated.
In Buginese Language, from formal grammar construction, the subject and the object are bound with the verb and act like a single verb. It can then be preceded by a Proper name or independent pronoun that have the same reference with the Agent, and followed by a common noun that confined the Breaking role's reference. For example "Iko, musolang-i remo'e" (you, you break the remote control).
From this example it can be noted that in Buginese language, in addition, many strategies are used by Buginese speakers to express their feelings to their interlocutor Zulkhaeriyah, et al., (2021). the Agent, the Break Verbs, and the reference of the Breaking roles are bound in one word.
From the interview with the native speaker, the researcher found that there is a clear implication of the presence of the Manip role in construction I. That is, when it is stated, it will mostly be interpreted by the listener that the Agent did the activity intentionally.
For example, when one says "musolangi remo'e fake falu-falu" (you break the remote control with a hammer), that will imply that the Agent intentionally move the hammer to the remote control to cause a physical damage on it. Nonetheless, when one says "musolangi remo'e", it is unclear whether the activity is intentional or unintentional.
Construction II from this research is found in two data. Those are "narecca'i tello'e ku ulunna" (he cracks the egg upon his head) and "nalleppoangngi otona ku jembatangnge" (he smashes his car upon the bridge". From the interview, the researcher found that the first sentence has the implication of (ow, how many times has this hook tears my dress".
These two sentences are realized in rather different way. The informant explained that the first sentence implied that the real Agent is actually the one whose hand is tearing the sarong. In this sentence, in the normal speech event, the fact that the 'hand' is put in the position of the one which is responsible for the effect of the activity rather than just refer to the real Agent implies that the activity is done unintentionally by the Agent to tear the sarong.
On the other hand, the second sentence is realized when the speaker's dress is snagged on the hook and the dress torn. In this sense the hook is more confined to the Target rather than the Manip. But similarly, it is pointed out by the speaker as the one who is responsible to the success of the Break effect.

The Similarities and the Differences between English and Buginese Break Verbs
After analyzing the data, the researcher found