An Analysis of Flouting Maxim in a Talk Show Program in Indonesia

This paper is a flouting maxim analysis in Sapa Indonesia Malam talk show on Kompas TV in which Jerinx or I Gede Ari Astina became a guest star in this talk show. The present study aims to analyze a conversation and dig out information about flouting maxims. In this present research, a conceptual framework of Grice’s cooperative principle of flouting maxim was employed to analyze the data (Geis et al., 1976). The flouting maxim has four maxims: quality, quantity, relation, and manner. The method of this study was qualitative by using the utterances in the video conversation from the talk show in Sapa Indonesia Malam as analysis material, and the data were extracted from the video. This study’s instrument was the transcript text of the utterances between the hosts and Jerinx as a guest star consisting of flouting maxims. The data were analyzed by using flouting of the maxim in Discourse Analysis’ concept. This paper attempts to find the flouting maxims that mostly appear in the video conversation and determine the cause or reason for the maxim to emerge. The researchers comprehended the types of flouting maxims in the talk show, and then the researchers determined the types selected into categories based on guests’ utterances. After that, the researchers analyzed the predetermined types. The study found some floutings of the maxims of relation. There were 50% maxims of relation flouted by speakers, and from nine flouting maxims, the four data had the most reasons for appearing in the conversation.

Ismi Narulita Firda, Didin Nuruddin Hidayat, Alek, Nurhalimah An Analysis of Flouting Maxim in a Talk Show Program in Indonesia DOI: https://doi.org/10. 31605/eduvelop.v4i2.887 cooperation that exists is that the speaker intends to convey the message clearly in the right way. Hence, the listener should understand the speaker's message in each speech.
Communication does not only use in daily life interactions, but also communication can be made on TV programs. The TV program has many types of presenting communication, both formally and informally. One of the TV programs that are currently famous among the community is a talk show. Talk shows are unique TV shows that many people recognize. The talk show is where the host and guest meet and discuss many topics raised by the talk show host, and it makes a difference between talk shows and other programs. Talk shows in Indonesia itself have many kinds of content. They are to provide information, entertainment, news, so forth.
Talk shows are broadcasting Indonesia rapidly, some broadcast once a week, and some broadcast even every day. Some talk shows that are very famous for getting the latest information are those delivered by Aiman, Najwa Shihab, etc. One of the talk shows that the researcher will examine an event hosted by Aiman shows also require good cooperation to build smooth communication between host and guest. Then, to get good communication, Grice prompts his principle as known as the cooperative principle. According to Grice, in Geis et al. (1976), conversations would be smooth and goal accomplished if they followed the principles of cooperation related to the four maxims of conversation. Levinson (1983) illustrates those four maxims.  Sembiring and Ghozali (2017), flouting is a reality when a speaker cannot apply one or several maxims in their conversation and it confuses their conversation. Flouting maxim is a way to examine failures at maxim use. The flouting maxim covers the real meaning of a speech and makes hearers find the implied meaning (Lestari, 2019) are floute…","author":[{"dropping-particle":"","fa mily":"Lestari","given":"Nursuci Gunawan","nondropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix": ""}],"container-title":"Jurnal JOEPALLT (Journal Lastly, this research can be used as an example of utterances analysis that is inconsistent with the purpose of communication carried out by the guest star. In addition, this study has implication with language teaching and learning because the interaction is inevitable for language teaching and learning. Interaction between people in class or school is an essential point of language teaching because the purpose and how learning occurs is in the interaction, particularly related to the medium and learning object (Hall & Walsh, 2002). Every

LITERATURE REVIEW
Communication or conversation is carried out from humans who are already able to speak or even from the time of the mother's womb, this is done with awareness and effort to reach the target of a mutual communication agreement. Since communication is primarily to maintain human life, the communication must be carried out by both speakers and hearers. However, building good conversation is pretty hard, and there tends to be a lot of problems in communication. Because in conversation, it requires understanding both explicit and implicit meanings, but the most difficult is the implicit meaning. Meanings that are not conveyed explicitly are known as implicatures (Schneider, 2012). Besides that, there are so many things that make a hard conversation.
Importantly, subjects in conversation should obey several maxims to build successful conversation and to avoid misunderstanding. Rowe and Levine Lastly, relation maxims need to prevent ambiguity and prevent obscurity of expression. However, subjects of conversation occasionally still did not comply with the rule and they flouted the maxim.
Grice, in Cutting (2016), flouting maxim is an event that occurs when speakers either deliberately or not, they want the interlocutor to know or search for the intended meaning of the speaker. The situation becomes one of the factors that fail the listener to know an idea or the conclusion of a conversation (Gumperz, 1982).
The flouting maxim is a non-observance maxim that appears in conversation which means in discourse a resource book for students and a pragmatic. This happens when the speaker in the conversation does not follow the maxim yet wants the interlocutor to know the implied meaning (Thomas, 2013 the same as the current research where the guest star made an irrelevant contribution.

METHOD
The method of this study is descriptive qualitative and data were extracted from a video. The

RESULTS
Eighteen utterances were obtained from the video conversation with Jerinx at Sapa Indonesia Malam. The researchers classified the utterances according to the cooperative principle (Geis et al., 1976), as follows: The

The Flouting Maxim Types Happens In Sapa Indonesia Malam Talk Show
The results of the host and Jerinx utterances were analyzed to determine the results of the Jerinx utterances. This data analysis will focus more on the flouting maxims of relation.

Maxim Flouting Reasons During Sapa Indonesia Malam Talk Show
In this part, the researchers try to explore and analyze the reasons behind the conversation between Host and Jerinx in Sapa Indonesia Malam.

The Flouting Maxim of Relation
Datum 1 Jerinx has flouted many maxims of relation, one of them is utterances above. Here, he said something irrelevant to the question submitted by the host.
Jerinx answered a question that was not related to COVID19 which he suspected was a conspiracy but instead asked back whether the Indonesian people Based on datum 4, the relation of the maxim was flouted because he should answer only one of the two test kits as the host has clearly explained that only one is invalid. However, he stated that both tools were invalid which did not answer the host's question. In this datum, the reason behind his statement is to reopen that the media is involved in making the narrative that is not true and there is also a connection with WHO and Bill Gates. is an irrelevant answer to the question asked by the host.
Besides changing the topic abruptly, there are several reasons why speakers flout the maxim. Dwiwulandari and Dewanti (2020) is quite similar to the results of the second data, their study showed that there were subjects who flout the maxim relevance that changed the topic of conversation suddenly and there were also those who wanted to avoid answering questions. In this second discussion, Jerinx tries to avoid answering the host's question because he is still lacking in strengthening his statement and he is still unable to answer the topic that the host is questioning so he tries to avoid answering the host's question.
According to Rahmi et al. (2018), the reason speakers avoid the question or topic being discussed is because they are faced with an unpleasant situation or topic. They also answer irrelevantly because they do not want to answer unpleasant topics and hope the listener understands them (Aisya & Fitrawati, 2019)speakers are expected to obey the maxim of cooperative principles to convey messages effectively.

CONCLUSION
There are 18 data of flouting maxim found by the speakers, and the highest result is the maxim