Konflik Amerika Serikat dan Iran Studi Kasus: Keluarnya Amerika Serikat Dari Perjanjian JCPOA

  • Tiara Angelia non member
Keywords: Kesepakatan Nuklir Iran, JCPOA, Dilema Keamanan, Konsistensi Kongnitif

Abstract

Kesepakatan nuklir Iran atau yang dikenal dengan Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) merupakan sebuah kesepakatan hasil dari perundingan diplomatis yang dilakukan oleh negara P5+1 yang terdiri dari 5 negara anggota tetap Dewan Keamanan Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (DK PBB) seperti Amerika Serikat (AS), Rusia, Perancis, Inggris, China, Jerman serta Iran pada tahun 2015 yang ditujukan guna mengatasi polemik kepemilikan senjata nuklir Iran. Terpilihnya Donald Trump sebagai presiden AS memberikan kebijakan baru terkait isu nuklir Iran tersebut, hingga pada saat 8 Mei 2018, AS secara resmi menarik diri secara sepihak dari kesepakatan nuklir serta memutuskan untuk kembali memberikan sanksi terhadap Iran. Adapun tujuan dari penulisan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisa faktor penyebab AS merubah kebijakan untuk keluar dari kesepakatan nuklir JCPOA yang menggunakan konsep security dilemma dan teori cognitive consistency. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah penarikan diri AS dari perjanjian JCPOAyang secara psikologis disebabkan oleh konsistensi pemikiran Trump dimana ia menganggap bahwa kesepakatan nuklir Iran sebagai kesepakatan yang buruk dan tidak bisa diandalkan karena di bawah kesepakatan nuklir AS dan sekutunya masih merasakan dilema keamanan yang kemudian mendorong Trump berupaya untuk menekan Iran dengan keluar dari kesepakatan nuklir.       

Kata kunci : Kesepakatan Nuklir Iran, JCPOA, Dilema Keamanan, Konsistensi Kongnitif

The Iran nuclear deal, known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), is an agreement resulting from diplomatic negotiations carried out by the P5 + 1 countries which consist of 5 permanent members of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) such as the United States ( The US), Russia, France, Britain, China, Germany and Iran in 2015 aimed at overcoming the polemic of ownership of Iran's nuclear weapons. The election of Donald Trump as US president provided a new policy regarding the Iranian nuclear issue, until on May 8 2018, the US officially withdrew unilaterally from the nuclear deal and decided to return to impose sanctions on Iran. The purpose of writing this research is to identify and analyze the factors that caused the US to change its policy to exit the JCPOA nuclear agreement which uses the security dilemma concept and cognitive consistency theory. The result of this research is the US withdrawal from the JCPOA agreement which is psychologically caused by the consistency of Trump's thinking in which he considers the Iran nuclear deal to be a bad and unreliable deal because under the nuclear deal the US and its allies still feel a security dilemma which then encourages Trump to seek. to pressure Iran by quitting the nuclear deal.

Keywords: Iran Nuclear Agreement, JCPOA, Security Dilemma, Cognitive Consistency

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Published
2021-11-10
How to Cite
Tiara Angelia. (2021). Konflik Amerika Serikat dan Iran Studi Kasus: Keluarnya Amerika Serikat Dari Perjanjian JCPOA. Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional LINO, 1(2), 103-110. https://doi.org/10.31605/lino.v1i2.841