Utilization of Black Soldier Fly (BSF) as Green Technology in Coconut Waste Management and Farmers’ Economic Empowerment
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Dec 4, 2025
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Abstract
This study aims to analyze farmers’ perceptions, attitudes, and readiness to adopt the Black Soldier Fly (BSF) technology as an environmentally friendly innovation in coconut waste management in the Konawe Islands, Indonesia. A descriptive quantitative approach was used by surveying 45 coconut farmers in Pewalea village. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics with a Likert scale. The results indicate that 71.1% of farmers had never heard about BSF technology, while 77.8% expressed positive attitudes toward its implementation. A total of 55.6% were willing to adopt the technology if training and assistance were provided, and 64.4% identified access to capital as the main determinant of adoption. This study highlights the potential of BSF as a green innovation supporting circular economy practices and sustainable entrepreneurship in rural areas. The implication of this research is that the successful adoption of BSF technology requires integrated policies that strengthen farmers’ access to training, financial support, and market networks, which in turn can enhance rural economic resilience and environmental sustainability
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
Farih, M., Lajaria, R. T., Djauhar, A., & Tandipayuk, G. P. (2025). Utilization of Black Soldier Fly (BSF) as Green Technology in Coconut Waste Management and Farmers’ Economic Empowerment. MANDAR: Management Development and Applied Research Journal, 8(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.31605/mandar.v8i1.5791
References
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Santi, E., & Nadeak, M. (2023). HOUSEWIVES' PERCEPTIONS TOWARD THE USE OF BLACK SOLDIER FLY TECHNOLOGY IN MANAGING HOUSEHOLD ORGANIC WASTE IN RURAL AREAS. International Journal of Social Science. doi:10.53625/ijss.v3i4.6992
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Wong, C.-Y., Kiatkittipong, K., Kiatkittipong, W., Lim, J.-W., Lam, M., Wu, T., . . . Elfis. (2021). Rhizopus oligosporus-Assisted Valorization of Coconut Endosperm Waste by Black Soldier Fly Larvae for Simultaneous Protein and Lipid to Biodiesel Production. Processes. doi:10.3390/PR9020299
Wong, C.-Y., Lim, J.-W., Chong, F., Lam, M., Uemura, Y., Tan, W.-N., . . . Lam, S. (2020). Valorization of exo-microbial fermented coconut endosperm waste by black soldier fly larvae for simultaneous biodiesel and protein productions. Environmental research, 185, 109458. doi:10.1016/j.envres.2020.109458
Zahra, A., Herdiansyah, H., Utomo, S., & Nuraeni, N. (2024). Waste processing without causing public health problems with black soldier fly bioconversion. International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS). doi:10.11591/ijphs.v13i1.22940
Giannetti, D., Schifani, E., Reggiani, R., Mazzoni, E., Reguzzi, M., Castracani, C., . . . Grasso, D. (2022). Do It by Yourself: Larval Locomotion in the Black Soldier Fly Hermetia illucens, with a Novel “Self-Harvesting” Method to Separate Prepupae. Insects, 13. doi:10.3390/insects13020127
Hidayat, N., Anggarini, S., Sunyoto, N. M. S., Fitri, L. E., Suhartini, S., Rohma, N. A., . . . Pratama, A. P. A. (2024). Bioconversion of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) on agricultural waste: Potential source of protein and lipid, the application (A mini-review). Advances in Food Science, Sustainable Agriculture and Agroindustrial Engineering. doi:10.21776/ub.afssaae.2024.007.01.8
Hidayat, T., Utama, N. A., Aini, L. N., Fikri, M., Rachma, A. F., Bahar, S. N. F., . . . Annisa, D. (2023). The Reduction of Household Waste using Black Soldier Fly using Stack Bucket system. Proceeding International Conference of Technology on Community and Environmental Development. doi:10.18196/ictced.v1i1.26
Kmc, F. (2023). Bioconversion performances of black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens L. Diptera: Stratiomyidae) on selected organic substrates. Tropical Agricultural Research and Extension. doi:10.4038/tare.v26i3.5664
Lajaria, R. T., & Utha, R. (2024). Identifikasi Potensi Green Job Sebagai Alternatif Usaha Pada Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah Kuliner di Kota Kendari. MANDAR: Management Development Applied Research Journal, 7(1), 102-112.
Liu, T., Awasthi, M. K., Chen, H., Duan, Y., Awasthi, S. K., & Zhang, Z. (2019). Performance of black soldier fly larvae (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) for manure composting and production of cleaner compost. Journal of Environmental Management, 251, 109593.
Mahmood, S. (2022). Black soldier fly technology: A corner stone for decentralized waste management. International Journal of Environmental Science Natural Resources, 31, 556314.
Muin, H., Alias, Z., Nor, A., & Taufek, N. (2022). Bioconversion of Desiccated Coconut and Soybean Curd Residues for Enhanced Black Soldier Fly Larvae Biomass as a Circular Bioeconomy Approach. Waste and Biomass Valorization, 14, 249-260. doi:10.1007/s12649-022-01867-x
Pfitzner, C., Tepper, K., Kumar, S., Retief, C., McNab, J., Harrell, R., & Maselko, M. (2024). Rapid generation and screening of transgenic black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens). bioRxiv. doi:10.1101/2024.02.21.581498
Pliantiangtam, N., Kovitvadhi, U., Chundang, P., Wongoutong, C., Hirunwong, A., & Kovitvadhi, A. (2024). Cultivating black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae on coconut endosperm and soybean curd residue: Impact on growth performance, waste reduction efficiency and larval nutritional composition. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 172, 1054-1061. doi:10.1111/eea.13498
Putra, R., Margareta, A., & Kinasih, I. (2020). The Digestibility of Banana Peel and Testa coconut and Its Effects on the Growth and Mortality of Black Soldier Fly Larvae (Hermetia illucens) at Constant Feeding Rates. 11, 66-77. doi:10.24042/BIOSFER.V11I1.6450
Raksasat, R., Lim, J.-W., Kiatkittipong, W., Kiatkittipong, K., Ho, Y., Lam, M., . . . Cheng, C. (2020). A review of organic waste enrichment for inducing palatability of black soldier fly larvae: Wastes to valuable resources. Environmental pollution, 267, 115488. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115488
Santi, E., & Nadeak, M. (2023). HOUSEWIVES' PERCEPTIONS TOWARD THE USE OF BLACK SOLDIER FLY TECHNOLOGY IN MANAGING HOUSEHOLD ORGANIC WASTE IN RURAL AREAS. International Journal of Social Science. doi:10.53625/ijss.v3i4.6992
Sapkotaa, B., Upadhyayaa, S., Lamichhanea, A., Regmib, R., Ghimirec, K., & Adhikarid, R. K. J. M. J. o. S. A. (2020). First Record Of Hermetia Illucens (Linnaeus, 1758)–Black Soldier Fly, From Nepal. 5(1), 21-23.
Wong, C.-Y., Kiatkittipong, K., Kiatkittipong, W., Lim, J.-W., Lam, M., Wu, T., . . . Elfis. (2021). Rhizopus oligosporus-Assisted Valorization of Coconut Endosperm Waste by Black Soldier Fly Larvae for Simultaneous Protein and Lipid to Biodiesel Production. Processes. doi:10.3390/PR9020299
Wong, C.-Y., Lim, J.-W., Chong, F., Lam, M., Uemura, Y., Tan, W.-N., . . . Lam, S. (2020). Valorization of exo-microbial fermented coconut endosperm waste by black soldier fly larvae for simultaneous biodiesel and protein productions. Environmental research, 185, 109458. doi:10.1016/j.envres.2020.109458
Zahra, A., Herdiansyah, H., Utomo, S., & Nuraeni, N. (2024). Waste processing without causing public health problems with black soldier fly bioconversion. International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS). doi:10.11591/ijphs.v13i1.22940