Bioakumulasi Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) Pada Ikan Bungo (Glossogobius giuris) Yang Ditangkap Di Danau Tempe

Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metal (Pb) in Goby Fish Glossogobius giuris Caught in Lake Tempe

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar logam berat timbal (Pb) dan hubungan kualitas air dengan ukuran ikan pada ikan Goby Glossogobius giuris. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada bulan Juni hingga Juli 2021 di Danau Tempe, Wajo, Soppeng, dan Kabupaten Sidrap. Metode Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom (AAS) digunakan untuk menentukan kadar logam berat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar timbal tertinggi pada sampel Soppeng 0,055 ppm, diikuti Kabupaten Wajo (0,042 ppm), dan terendah 0,035 ppm di Kabupaten Sidrap. Kadar timbal di setiap stasiun pengambilan sampel belum melebihi ambang batas Standar Nasional Indonesia yaitu 0,3 ppm bahkan pada tingkat yang sangat minimal tidak tergolong tercemar logam timbal. Hubungan antara kualitas air dan ukuran ikan terhadap bioakumulasi logam timbal ditemukan pada 65,89% ukuran ikan, pH 53,09%, dan suhu 9,08%. Ikan goby di danau Danau Tempe mengandung Pb namun belum melebihi ambang batas dan faktor yang paling berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan logam berat timbal (Pb) adalah ukuran ikan.

ABSTRACT

The present study aims to determine the heavy metal level of lead (Pb) and the relationship between water quality and fish size on Goby Glossogobius giuris. Sampling was carried out from June to July 2021 in Tempe Lake, Wajo, Soppeng, and Sidrap Regency. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) method was applied for determining the heavy metal level. The results showed that the highest lead level was at 0.055 ppm obtained from Soppeng sample, followed by Wajo Regency (0.042 ppm), and the lowest was at 0.035 ppm in Sidrap Regency. The lead level at each sampling station has not exceeded the Indonesian National Standards threshold of 0.3 ppm for and even at the very minimum level, it was not classified as polluted by lead metal. The relationship between water quality and fish size on the bioaccumulation of lead metal was found at 65.89%, pH 53.09%, and temperature 9.08%. The goby fish in lake Lake Tempe contained Pb but it had not yet exceeded the threshold and the most contributing factor to the increase in the heavy metal lead (Pb) was fish size.