Withdrawal of Manuscript

Authors may request the withdrawal of a submitted manuscript under the following conditions: 1. A withdrawal request must be submitted in writing via the journal's official email, stating a clear justification and confirmed by all co-authors (the corresponding author may submit on their behalf). 2. Withdrawal prior to the commencement of the peer review process may be made free of charge. 3. Withdrawal after the peer review process has begun may be subject to an administrative fee, in consideration of the reviewer and editorial resources already committed. 4. Withdrawal after a manuscript has been accepted or published is permitted only under exceptional circumstances (e.g., publication ethics violations, data duplication, or critical data errors) and must follow the journal's Correction and Retraction guidelines. 5. Authors who withdraw manuscripts repeatedly without valid justification may be restricted from future submissions to this journal.