MANDAR: Management Development and Applied Research Journal, since 2018. ISSN 2721-1436 (print), 2654-4504 (online)

All manuscripts submitted for external peer review will be screened for originality. By submitting their manuscripts to the journal, authors agree to any necessary originality checks during the publication process at MANDAR: Management Development and Applied Research Journal.

The Sulawesi Barat University, as the publisher of the journal, upholds the principles of ethics and scientific integrity. To ensure the quality of its publications, the university has established an official collaboration with the web-based software Turnitin.

was first developed at the University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley), United States. It has long been widely used by academic institutions, universities, and reputable international journal publishers. Its advantages include clear and manageable reporting (with the ability to identify properly cited sentences and references), highlighting text similarities, generating links to original sources, detecting character and letter substitutions, and automatic corrections.

The service is also capable of identifying modified forms of plagiarism, delivering results within 10–20 seconds per page, supporting simultaneous checks of up to 50 documents, accepting 18 file formats, and offering multilingual support. Thanks to Turnitin’s detailed reports, the evaluation of each manuscript becomes simpler and faster.

In addition to Turnitin, manuscripts are also checked using the Similarity Check service and the iThenticate tool, which are integrated into the CrossRef international register of scientific and research information. This service is designed to prevent scientific and professional plagiarism by combining Similarity Check and iThenticate, which compare manuscripts against database contents and highlight similarities for further editorial review.
Plagiarism is defined as the use of another author’s work without permission or proper acknowledgement. It may take the following forms:
Literal copying: Reproducing text word for word, in whole or in part, without permission or acknowledgement. This form of plagiarism is easily detected by software.
Substantial copying: Replicating a significant portion of a work without permission or acknowledgement. Determining what is “substantial” considers both the quantity and quality of the copied content. Even a relatively small portion may constitute plagiarism if it represents the essence of the work.
Paraphrasing: Using ideas from the original work without literal copying. This form of plagiarism is more difficult to detect.

Plagiarism in any form is unacceptable. Manuscripts will be immediately rejected, and authors may be subject to sanctions.