Ecophysiological Adaptation and Leaf Micromorphology of Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) in Supporting Plant Resilience within Tropical Ecosystems
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31605/ijec.v2i2.6373Keywords:
Anatomical adaptation, Ecophysiology, Morinda citrifolia, Stomatal density, Tropical conservation, WallaceAbstract
Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) is a pioneer species in tropical ecosystem succession, known for its ability to persist under various environmental conditions. This study aims to analyze the internal leaf architecture of Noni to elucidate its ecophysiological adaptation strategies. Leaf samples were collected from multiple individuals and examined using transparent nail polish impression techniques and microscopic observations. The analysis focused on epidermal characteristics, stomatal density, and mesophyll organization. Quantitative results showed that stomata were exclusively distributed on the abaxial surface, confirming a hypostomatic pattern, with a mean stomatal density of 245 ± 32 stomata/mm². The stomata were identified as anomocytic type. Epidermal observations revealed the presence of non-glandular trichomes, suggesting a primarily physical protective function. Anatomically, the mesophyll exhibited a dorsiventral structure, with a two-layered palisade tissue contributing approximately 45.8% of total mesophyll thickness, indicating adaptation to high light intensity. The spongy tissue with large ellular spaces facilitates efficient gas exchange. Overall, these findings indicate that the leaf anatomical traits of M. citrifolia reflect potential structural adaptations to environmental conditions such as high irradiance and water limitation. However, further comparative and physiological studies are required to confirm the ecological significance of these traits in enhancing plant resilience across diverse habitats
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